IA ideas library

Matrix IA ideas: transformations, Markov chains and long-term behaviour

Matrices turn a system with many parts into one object you can calculate with. A transition matrix predicts where things end up, a transformation matrix moves an image, and powers and eigenvalues describe what happens in the long run.

Matrices, transformations, Markov chains and eigenvalues are in AI HL. AA students can still use them if they explain them as new mathematics, and a small system worked by hand goes a long way before you hand the calculation to technology.

Transition diagram of a two-state Markov chain for dry and wet days, with example probabilities 0.8, 0.2, 0.6 and 0.4 and the long-run proportions
A two-state Markov chain. The probabilities here are an example; in an IA you estimate them by counting transitions in real data.

Matrices, transformations & Markov chains ideas (8)

Also relevant (5)

Frequently asked questions

Are Markov chain IAs only for AI HL?

Markov chains are examined in AI HL, but any student can use them if they explain transition matrices and matrix multiplication clearly. AA students should add mathematics of their own course, such as a proof or a limit.

Where do I get a transition matrix from?

From data you count yourself (weather records, a game, people's choices) or from a published dataset. Show how each probability was estimated and how many observations it came from.

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