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IB Maths AA SL · Unit 2: Functions

IB Maths AA SL Exponential and Logarithmic Functions Questions

Exam-style IB Maths AA SL exponential and logarithmic functions questions with worked solutions. Start with the 3 fully worked examples below — each is solved step by step the way an IB examiner expects — then try the practice questions and check your working against the mark scheme.

Practise Exponential and Logarithmic Functions questions → AA SL formula booklet

What you need to know

y = e^x and y = ln(x) — their derivatives, their shape, and how to solve equations involving both. Non-calculator Paper 1 requires you to know log(e) = 1. Exponential and logarithmic functions overview →

What's examined in AA SL exponential and logarithmic functions

The question bank covers these exponential and logarithmic functions question types (number of questions in brackets):

Exponential and Logarithmic Functions worked examples

Worked example 1: Solving basic exponential equations · easy

Solve $e^{3x - 1} = 20$ algebraically. Give your exact answer in terms of natural logarithms.

Solution

1. Take the natural logarithm of both sides: $\ln(e^{3x - 1}) = \ln 20$.

2. Simplify via inverse property: $3x - 1 = \ln 20$.

3. Add $1$ to both sides: $3x = \ln 20 + 1$.

4. Divide by $3$: $\mathbf{x = \frac{\ln 20 + 1}{3}}$.

Examiner tip: Do not approximate $\ln 20$ with a decimal when a question specifically asks for an exact algebraic answer. Doing so will cost you the final accuracy mark.

Worked example 2: Logarithmic laws combination · medium

Solve $\log_2 x + \log_2(x - 6) = 4$ algebraically.

Solution

1. Apply the product rule: $\log_2(x(x - 6)) = 4$.

2. Convert to exponential form: $x(x - 6) = 16$.

3. Expand and rearrange: $x^2 - 6x - 16 = 0$.

4. Factorise: $(x - 8)(x + 2) = 0 \implies x = 8$ or $x = -2$.

5. Reject $x = -2$ since $\log_2(-2)$ is undefined. Valid solution: $\mathbf{x = 8}$.

Examiner tip: Always check final roots against the domain of the original logarithms; arguments must be strictly positive. Leaving $x = -2$ as a final answer will lose reasoning marks.

Worked example 3: Hidden quadratics in exponentials · hard

Solve $e^{2x} - 8e^x + 15 = 0$ algebraically. Give exact answers in logarithmic form.

Solution

1. Rewrite using index laws: $(e^x)^2 - 8(e^x) + 15 = 0$.

2. Substitute $u = e^x$: $u^2 - 8u + 15 = 0$.

3. Factorise: $(u - 5)(u - 3) = 0 \implies u = 5$ or $u = 3$.

4. Substitute back: $e^x = 5$ or $e^x = 3$.

5. Take natural logs: $\mathbf{x = \ln 5}$ and $\mathbf{x = \ln 3}$.

Examiner tip: Using a substitution $u = e^x$ makes the quadratic structure obvious and drastically reduces factorisation errors.

Try these IB Maths AA SL exponential and logarithmic functions questions

Three questions from the bank, easiest first. Mark schemes and AI marking of your written working are in the practice area.

Question 2 · medium · 5 marks · Paper 1

Solve the exponential equation analytically by expressing both sides with a common base: \[9^{x-2} = \left(\frac{1}{27}\right)^{x+1}\]

Attempt it and see the mark scheme →

All 15 exponential and logarithmic functions questions with mark schemes →

FAQ

How many IB Maths AA SL exponential and logarithmic functions questions are there?

There are 15 exam-style exponential and logarithmic functions questions in the AA SL question bank (Paper 1: 8 · Paper 2: 7), graded 4 easy, 5 medium, 4 hard, 2 very hard. Every question has a full IB-style mark scheme (M, A and R marks).

Is exponential and logarithmic functions on Paper 1 or Paper 2?

Both. In the bank, Paper 1: 8 · Paper 2: 7. Paper 1 is non-calculator, so practise the exact-value algebra as well as the GDC methods.

Where can I get the mark schemes?

Open the AA SL Unit 2 practice page: every question has a step-by-step IB-style mark scheme, and you can photograph your working for instant AI marking. The worked examples on this page are free.

More AA SL Unit 2 topics

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